History of Hyderabad, Pakistan

The city of hyderabad traces its early history to Neroon , a Hindu ruler of the area from whom the city derived its previous name, Neroon Kot. Neroon Kot literally means the place of Neroon . Its history dates back to pre-Islamic times, when Ganjo Takker (Barren Hill), a nearby hilly tract, was used as a place of worship. Lying on the most northern hill of the Ganjo Takker ridge, just east of the River Indus, it is the third largest city in the province of Sindh in Pakistan built over three hillocks.

The Kalhora Rule

The present day city of Hyderabad was founded in 1768 on the site of the ancient town of Neroon Kot by Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhora , the saintly ruler of Sindh under the Kalhora Dynasty . It was named after the prophet Mohammed 's son-in-law, Ali , also known as Haidar.

A small fishing village on the banks of River Indus the city was called the heart of the Mehran whilst thriving upon the fresh river water's banks. Ghulam Shah loved the city so much that in 1766 , he ordered a fort to be built on one of the three hills of Hyderabad to house and defend his people. The massive half-a-square kilometer garrison was completed by 1768 . Since then, it stands in place and is called the Pacco Qillo or the strong fort . The Kalhora rule ended for two more decades until the demise of the great Ghulam Shah.

The Talpur rule

After the death of the great Kalhora, started the Talpur Rule. Mir Fateh Ali Khan Talpur left his capital Khudabad , the land of God and made Hyderabad his capital in 1789 . He made the Pacco Qillo his residence and also held his courts there. Mir Fateh Ali Khan Talpur along with his three other brothers was responsible for the affairs that persisted in the city of Hyderabad in the years of their kingdom. The four were called Char Yar , Sindhi for four friends . The rulers of Sindh were named Ameers , Arabic for leaders .

It remained the capital of Sindh under the Talpur rulers who succeeded the Kalhoras till 1843 , a rule lasting almost half-a-century when Talpurs faced a greater threat - the British .

The British rule

The British came face-to-face with the Talpurs at the battle of Miani on 17 February, 1843. It is said that even in rigor mortis the Ameers (Mirs) held their swords high fighting the British. The battle ended on 24 March where the Mirs lost and the city came into the hands of the British. The battle at Dabo landed an even greater part of Sindh in the laps of the British regime and the city surrendered to the British. Being the last stronghold in the way of the British, the city once conquered, complete The crown of being a capital of the emirate of Sindh was then transferred to Karachi when the British general Sir Charles Napier conquered Sindh in 1843 , mainly because the East India Company had headquarters in Karachi d the British Conquest of Sindh. The British demolished most of the buildings around to accommodate their troops and their military stores. Hyderabad lost its glory. No longer were the roads washed with perfume. In 1857 , when the First War of Indian Independence raged across the sub-continent, the British held most of their regiments and ammunition in this city.